A new approach for adipose tissue regeneration based on human mesenchymal stem cells and hydrogels – An in vitro study

The aim of this study was to evaluate a new approach for adipose tissue regeneration based on the utilization of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASC) and biodegradable hydrogels as supporting matrix. Adipose tissue provides large stem cell numbers and tissue harvesting can be performed minimally invasive. ASC exhibit multilineage differentiation potential (e.g. osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation capacity). To provide proof of applicability of ASC in adipose tissue regeneration strategies we have used hydrogels as adhesion matrix. Hydrogels are defined as hydrophilic polymer networks that are able to absorb a large amount of water. Gelatinbased hydrogels possess several interesting properties: they are biodegradable, show high biocompatibility, and offer possibilities for functionalization. In order to proof the adipogenesissupporting potential of gelatin-based materials, hydrogel films were developed and compared regarding materials characteristics and behavior of stem cells seeded on them in vitro. ASC adhesion onto hydrogel surfaces was higher as compared to normal cell culture plastic. In addition the adipogenic differentiation degree (i.e. the extent of cytoplasmic lipid storage) was increased. These results are promising for future applications of hydrogels in tissue regeneration strategies.